Mr. Kersey's Study Guides for Super Motivated Students
These are bare bones study guides for students who want to prepare for tests but aren't sure where to begin. Really they are just lists of stuff you need to know. If you can explain the significance, or importance, of the people, places, terms, and events on these lists, and explain their causes and effects (where applicable), then you'll be in great shape for the test. I don't have study guides for every chapter, but I am always happy to make one if students request one, so if you're looking for a study guide and it's not here, just ask me to make one for you.Be advised that all material from the reading, including vocabulary, and from class is always fair game for a test. These guides are just here to help you focus on the most important material that will be on the test. As always, please let me know if you have any questions.
STOP! A Note on Printing: Students, do not simply click "print" from anywhere on this page. If you do you will print the entire set of study guides, which could be twenty or more pages. Instead, copy and paste the study guide you want into a text editor or word processing application, and print from there. You can also just select the study guide you want and choose the "Print Selection" option from the Printing dialouge box. You have been warned.
Study Guides for U.S. History (8th Grade)
Study Guides for 8th Grade Religion
Study Guides for World History (7th Grade)
Study Guides for U.S. History (8th Grade)
Chapter 2: Exploring the Americas
Be able to explain how the following all contributed to a new age of exploration:the Crusades,
the growth of trade,
the growth of ideas,
the Renaissance,
and new technology
Kingdoms and Empires in Africa: Ghana, Mali, and Songhai
Vikings in North America
The Search for Trade routes
Portugal and Henry the Navigator
Dias
Vasco da Gama
Cabral
Columbus' accomplishments
Spain's goals for the New World
Amerigo Vespucci
Balboa
Magellan
Spain's conquest of North America
Aztec
Inca
Reasons for Spain’s victory
Life under Spanish rule
Plantation system
Competition for land in the New World
Religious rivalry in Europe and the Americas
The Spanish Armada and effects of its defeat
The Northwest Passage
The French in America
French relationship with native Americans
Dutch settlements in North America
Chapter 3: Colonial America
All key termsKing Philip II
Queen Elizabeth
Sir Francis Drake
Lost Colony of Roanoke
Sir Walter Raleigh
John White
Virginia Company
joint-stock company
Chesapeake Bay
James River
Jamestown
Captain John Smith
Pocahontas
John Rolfe
House of Burgesses
New England Colonies
Puritans
Separatists
Pilgrims
The Mayflower
William Bradford
The Mayflower Compact
Squanto
Samoset
Wampanoag
Charles I
Massachusetts Bay Company
John Winthrop
Thomas Hooker
Connecticut
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Roger Williams
Conflict with Native Americans in the colonies
King Philip's War
The Middle Colonies
New Netherland
New Amsterdam
Peter Stuyvesant
Charles II
Duke of York
New York
New Jersey
William Penn
Pennsylvania
Quakers
The Southern Colonies
indentured servants
Maryland
Sir George Calvert, Lord Baltimore
Cecilius Calvert
religious tension in Maryland
Bacon's Rebellion
Nathaniel Bacon
John Locke
The Carolinas
Georgia
James Oglethorpe
French and Spanish settlements in North America
Chapter 4: The Growth of the English Colonies
The Colonial regions, economic activities, geographical features, governments, etc.The New England colonies
The Middle Colonies
The Southern Colonies
Subsistence farming
Middle Passage
Reasons for slavery
Triangular trade
Cash crops
Slave code
Glorious Revolution
Charles II
James II
William and Mary
Navigation Acts
Mercantilism
Charter colonies
Proprietary Colonies
Royal colonies
Voting rights in the colonies
Great Awakening
New England Primer, education in the colonies
The Enlightenment
John Peter Zenger
British-French Rivalry in North America, the World
Native American alliances, Iroquois Confederacy
George Washington
Fort Duquesne
militia
Ohio Valley Region
Allegheny River
Monongahela River
Ohio River
Albany Plan of Union
Ben Franklin
Battle of Quebec
General Edward Braddock
Seven Years' War
William Pitt
The Treaty of Paris (1763)
Pontiac's War
Proclamation of 1763
Chapter 5: The Spirit of Independence
The French and Indian WarThe Seven Years War
Proclamation of 1763
George Grenville
writs of assistance
Vice-Admiralty Courts
The Sugar Act
"No taxation without representation!"
repeal
The Stamp Act
Patrick Henry
Samuel Adams
Sons of Liberty
boycott
Declaratory Act
The Townshend Acts
Daughters of Liberty
Boston Massacre
Crispus Attucks
propaganda
Committees of Correspondence
The Tea Act
Boston Tea Party
King George III
The Coercive Acts
The Intolerable Acts
The Quartering Act
Continental Congress
John Adams
John Jay
George Washington
Suffolk Resolves
Militia
Minute Men
Gen. Thomas Gage
Lexington
Concord
Paul Revere
Bunker Hill
Patriots
Loyalists
Second Continental Congress
Continental Army
Ben Franklin
John Hancock
Thomas Jefferson
Olive Branch Petition
Gen. William Howe
Thomas Paine
Common Sense
Declaration on Independence
Preamble of the Declaration of Independence
Four parts of the Declaration of Independence
Redcoats
Hessians
Recruiting for the Continental Army - Challenges
Siege
Bunker Hill
Breed's Hill
Dorchester Heights
Chapter 6: The American Revolution
Advantages of British v. Continental Armiesloyalists, tories
Patriots
Redcoats
Hessians
Recruiting for the Continental Army - Challenges
Gen. William Howe
Siege of Boston
Bunker Hill
Breed's Hill
Dorchester Heights
Battle of Long Island
Battle of Trenton
Battle of Princeton
Battle of Saratoga (and the 3 major effects)
General Burgoyne
France and Spain
Valley Forge
Marquis de Lafayette
Baron Friedrich von Steuben
Inflation and money problems faced by the Patriots
African-Americans during the war
Blockade
privateers
Guerilla warfare - hit and run tactics
Long and Short Term Causes and Effects of the Revolution
General Clinton
General Cornwallis
Comte de Rochambeau
Battle of Yorktown
The Newburgh Conspiracy
Treaty of Paris of 1783
How the Americans won the war
Chapter 7: A More Perfect Union 1777-1790
Nature of the state governmentsArticles of Confederation
Land Ordinance of 1785
Northwest Ordinance, 1787
Northwest Territory and slavery
Problems with the Articles
Trade with Britain and Spain
Impact of closed markets
interstate commerce
economic problems in the states
Shays' Rebellion
Constitutional Convention
delegates
The Great Compromise
The Virginia Plan
The New Jersey Plan
The Three-Fifths Compromise
Differences between the Articles and The Constitution
Three Branches of Government and their jobs
balance of power
checks and balances
Ideas behind Government
John Locke
Two Treatises of Civil Government (1690)
Baron de Montesquieu
The Spirit of Laws (1748)
Natural rights
Enlightenment
Magna Carta, 1215
Federalism
Ratification fight: Main arguments, etc.
Federalists
Anti-Federalists
Federalist Papers
Shared Powers
Delegated Powers (Specific examples)
Reserved Powers
Bill of Rights
Chapter 8: The Constitution
7 major principles of the ConstitutionPopular Sovereignty
Republicanism
Limited Government
Federalism
Separation of Powers (examples of powers)
Checks and Balances (examples)
Individual Rights
Republic
Representative democracy
Enumerated (delegated) powers
Concurrent (shared) powers
Reserved powers
The amendment process
The Supremacy Clause
The elastic clause
The commerce clause
Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution
Implied powers
Legislative branch
Article I of the Constitution
Congress (size, purpose, functions)
Lawmaking process
House of Representatives (size, terms, requirements, special duties)
Senate (size, terms, requirements, special duties)
Non-voting delegates
The Executive Branch
Article II of the Constitution
Electoral college
Roles and Powers of the President
The Cabinet
The Vice President (Roles)
Line of Succession
The Judicial Branch
Article III of the Constitution
The Federal Court System
The Supreme Court
Supreme Court Justices (roles, requirements, terms)
Judicial Review
Bill of Rights
Three basic categories of rights of U.S. citizens
Due process
Equal protection under the law
Basic freedoms
Limits on rights
Citizenship (requirements, roles)
Duties of a U.S. citizen
Responsibilities of a U.S. citizen
Chapter 9: The Federalist Era
George WashingtonThe first presidential election
the electoral college
Martha Washington
Setting precedents
the cabinet
Alexander Hamilton
Thomas Jefferson
Henry Knox
Edmund Randolph
Department of State
Department of War
Department of the Treasury
The Judiciary Act of 1789
the Bill of Rights
Hamilton's plan for settling the national debt
bonds
Compromise and a Capital (The Room Where it Happens)
National Bank debate
tariffs and taxes
whiskey tax
Jefferson vs. Hamilton on the economy
Jefferson vs. Hamilton on the Constitution
strict construction
loose construction
The French Revolution
US foreign policy and France
The Neutrality Proclamation
impressment
Edmond Genêt (a.k.a. Citizen Genêt)
Jay's Treaty
Pickney's Treaty
Northwest Territory
Northwest Indian War
Gen. Arthur St. Clair
Little Turtle
Gen. "Mad Anthony" Wayne
Blue Jacket
Treaty of Greenville
Whiskey Rebellion
Washington's Advice to the Nation (Farewell Address)
John Adams
caucuses
The election of 1796
The Federalist Party
The Democratic-Republican Party
The XYZ Affair
The Alien and Sedition Acts, causes and effects
nullify
states' rights
Chapter 10: The Jefferson Era
Jefferson as president - plans, actions, philosophy, etc.Laissex-faire
Aaron Burr
Judiciary Act of 1801
Marbury v. Madison
McCulloch v. Maryland
Gibbons v. Ogden
Judicial Review
John Marshall
James Madison
Gen. Napoleon Bonaparte
Louisiana Purchase
St. Dominigue (Haiti)
New Orleans
Mississippi River
Lewis & Clark's expedition
Sacagawea
Piracy
Barbary States
Barbary Coast
Neutrality violations by Britain and France
Embargo Act
Nonintercourse Act
Tecumseh
Henry Clay
John C. Calhoun
War of 1812
Capt. Oliver Hazard Perry
Battle of lake Erie
Burning of Washington, D.C.
The Battle of New Orleans
Andrew Jackson
Treaty of Ghent
Star Spangled Banner
Chapter 11: Growth and Expansion
Industrial Revolution (effects on the North)cotton gin
Eli Whitney
interchangeable parts
patent
factory system
capitalism
capital
free enterprise
expansion of agriculture (and effects)
development of corporations
urbanization
movement westward, western settlement
census
turnpike
canal
lock
The Era of Good Feelings
sectionalism
state sovereignty
John C. Calhoun
Daniel Webster
American system
internal improvements, i.e. roads, canals
James Monroe
The Monroe Doctrine (and change it represented)
The Missouri Compromise (terms and weaknesses)
Henry Clay (the Great Compromiser)
American System (3 parts)
protective tariffs
McCulloch v. Maryland
Gibbons v. Ogden
Convention of 1818
Adams-Onis Treaty
Simon Bolivar
Chapter 12: The Jackson Era
Elections of 1824 and 1828John Quincy Adams
Andrew Jackson
Henry Clay
The "corrupt bargain"
The J.Q. Adams presidency
Democratic-Republicans
National Republicans
Mudslinging
John C. Calhoun
Expansion of Democracy under Jackson, a.k.a. Jacksonian Democracy
The spoils system
Caucus
Nominating conventions
The tariff debate
States' rights
Nullification Act
Secession
Westward expansion and Indian Removal
Indian Removal Act
Indian Territory
The Cherokee Nation
Worcester v Georgia
The Trail of Tears
General Winfield Scott
Jackson vs. The Bank of the United States
Daniel Webster
Martin Van Buren
McCulloch v. Maryland
The Election of 1832
The Panic of 1837
Whigs and problems they faced
William Henry Harrison
John Tyler
James Polk
Chapter 13: Manifest Destiny
The Oregon CountryColumbia River
Adams-Onis Treaty
joint occupation
mountain men
Marcus and Narcissa Whitman
emigrants
prairie schooners
manifest destiny
"Fifty-Four Forty or Fight"
James K. Polk
statehood for Florida
statehood for Texas
Tejanos
The Alamo
independence for Texas
The Lone Star Republic
annex
New Mexico Territory
Santa Fe Trail
Spanish culture in California
missions
ranchos
rancheros
conflict with Mexico
the Rio Grande river
California uprising
Bear Flag Republic
Gen. Winfield Scott
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
California Gold Rush
forty-niners
San Francisco
boomtown
Gold Rush society
Utah
Mormons
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The Book of Mormon
The Mormon Trail
Chapter 14: North and South
The North's industrial economyCauses and Effects of the Industrial Revolution (1790-1860)
textiles
breakthroughs in manufacturing
technology
Eli Whitney
interchangeable parts
mass production
the growth of manufacturing
factories
life for factory workers
working conditions
unions
strikes
labor reforms
urbanization and its problems
immigration, causes and sources
Know-Nothing Party
The South's agricultural economy
free African-Americans
the plantation system
religion in the South
the cotton gin
the urban south
the growth of cotton and the cotton boom
the slave system
scientific agriculture
life under slavery
the growth of slavery
spirituals
Southern society and social order
challenging slavery
planters/growers
Nat Turner's Rebellion
small farmers/yeomen farmers
slave culture
poor whites
slaves
Chapter 16: Toward Civil War
major causes of SecessionThe Missouri Compromise
Sectionalism
Free-Soil Party
Zachary Taylor
John C. Calhoun
Henry Clay
Martin Van Buren
Wilmot Proviso
Compromise of 1850
Stephen Douglas
Fugitive Slave Act
Underground Railroad
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Problems with popular sovereignty
Bleeding Kansas
John Brown
Raid on Harper’s Ferry
The Republican Party
Dred Scott Decision
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
Freeport Doctrine
Election of 1860
Seccession
Confederate States of America
Jefferson Davis
Fort Sumter
Chapter 17: The Civil War
All key terms, people, events, but especially:Border states
Abraham Lincoln
Advantages of the North and South
Strategies of the North and South
Anaconda Plan
Naval blockade
First Bull Run
Gen. "Stonewall" Jackson
Gen. Ulysses S. Grant
Ironclads
Battle of Shiloh
Gen. Robert E. Lee
Lee’s invasion of the North
Battle of Antietam
The Emancipation Proclamation
Economic hardships in the North and South
Lincoln’s suspension of habeas corpus
54th Massachusetts
The Battle of Gettysburg
Pickett’s Charge
The Siege of Vicksburg
Gettysburg Address
Total War
Sherman’s march to the sea
Fall of Richmond
Southern Surrender at Appomattox
Causes and Effects of the Civil War
Study Guides for 8th Grade Religion
Confirmation Final Exam Study GuideCatholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 2: Knowing God: Reason and Revelation
Our need for Godreason and revelation
natural revelation
Divine Revelation
covenant
Sacred Tradition (or Tradition, or Apostolic Tradition)
Sacred Scripture
The canon of the Bible
Holy Spirit
Gospels
Deposit of Faith
responsibility of the Church
Magisterium
biblical inspiration
biblical interpretation
inspiration
fundamentalist or literalist view of the Bible
biblical inerrancy
Catholic (contextual) view of the Bible
senses of Scripture - literal sense and spiritual sense
Sola Scriptura
Saint Thomas Aquinas
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 3: The Bible's Big Picture
salvation historyBible navigation (looking up Scripture passages)
the big picture of Sacred Scripture
figurative language
Primeval History
Original Sin
protoevangelium
covenant
covenant with Noah
The Patriarchs
Abraham
covenant with Abraham (Abrahamic convenant)
Isaac
patriarch
the Exodus
Israelites
theophany
the Law
struggles of the Israelites in the Promised Land
pattern of Israelite behavior in Judges
The Kingdoms of Judah and Israel
Saul
David
Solomon
prophets
canticle
The time of Exile and Return
Essenes
Pharisees
Sadducees
The Life of Jesus Christ
effects of the Resurrection
The Early Church
The Last Things
Parousia
the languages of the Bible
Old Testament
New Testament
parts of the Bible
organization of the Bible
St. Jerome
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 4: Faith
Faithnatural faith
religious faith
grace
faith, trust, and love
free will
free will and the ability to love, limits
ultimate sign of God's love
hearts, intellect, and will
Faith and the Catholic Church
how faith is passed down
faith and community
other religions
denominations
ecumenism
The Characteristics of Faith
creed
Apostles' Creed
Nicene Creed
Faith vs. Good Works
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 5: God Our Father
atheistAquinas' proofs for the existence of God
Mystery of the Blessed Trinity
monotheism
roles of the three Persons of the Trinity - Creator, Savior (or Redeemer), Sanctifier
God the Father Almighty
Abba
the four attributes of God
Creator
God as Creator of Heaven and Earth
God's plan as represented by the Garden of Eden
Original Sin
"maker of all things visible and invisible."
angels
Michael, Gabriel, Raphael
God as Truth and Love
"I AM WHO AM"
the problem of evil
Blessed Julian of Norwich
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 7: The Promise of a Messiah
Protoevangeliumliteral sense (of Scripture and the Protoevangelium)
spiritual sense (of Scripture and the Protoevangelium)
literal signs and spiritual meanings found in the Protoevangelium
covenants
the Paschal Mystery
Covenant with Noah
polytheism
Covenant with Abraham
Abraham
God's promises to Abraham
circumcision
Covenant with Moses
Moses
theophany (and examples)
The Law
the Ten Commandments
the Torah (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy)
Old Law, New Law
The Ark of the Covenant
Covenant with David
Prophecies of a Messiah
some prophecies of hope
typology
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 9: Jesus' Message and Mission
The hidden life of JesusJesus' public life
Jesus' baptism
Jesus' time in the desert
Jesus' mission
the Kingdom of God
Reign of God
Jewish beliefs at the time of Jesus
affirmation of core Jewish beliefs
Sermon of the Mount
parables
Parable of the Prodigal Son
Parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus
Parable of the Good Samaritan
Parable of the Unforgiving Servant
how Jesus made the Kingdom of God real
miracles
four categories of miracles
disciples
Apostles
The Twelve
female disciples
Mary Magdalene
Jesus' relationship with his disciples
the Church's responsibility
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 10: Jesus' Death
The PassionStations of the Cross
human (or natural) reasons for Jesus' death
ways that Jesus' challenged the authority of the Jewish leadership
Pharisees
scribes
chief priests
blasphemy
Pilate's reasons for executing Jesus
reality of Jesus' death
obedience
nature of the crucifixion
the religious meaning of the cross
purpose of Jesus' death
Jesus, the Suffering Servant
Jesus, the Paschal Lamb
Jesus, the Ransom for Many
What does Jesus' death accomplish?
meaning of the crucifix
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 11: Jesus' Resurrection
ResurrectionAscension
importance of the Resurrection
gospel accounts of the Resurrection
Glorified Body
Jesus' descent into Hell
evidence for the Resurrection
validity of the New Testament documents
consistency of belief in the Resurrection
argument of the empty tomb
changes as a result of Resurrection appearances
The Swoon Theory
The Hallucination Theory
The Stolen Body Theory
The Resusitation Theory
The Spiritual Resurrection Theory
The religious meaning of the Resurrection
three important things we know as a result of the Resurrection
the Paschal Mystery
Jesus' Ascension, and its meaning
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 12: The Holy Spirit
Holy Spirit vs. Holy Ghostruah
The Holy Spirit as wind
the Spirit of God in the Old Testament
The Holy Spirit in the New Testament
Pentecost
Advocate
Paraclete
symbols for the Holy Spirit
Water
Fire
A cloud and light
A Dove
Anointing
Laying on hands
Gifts of the Holy Spirit
Wisdom
Understanding
Right Judgement (Counsel)
Courage (Fortitude)
Knowledge
Reverence (Piety)
Wonder and Awe (Fear of the Lord)
Fruits of the Spirit
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 16: Introduction to Liturgy
Liturgyliturgical celebration or ritual
liturgist
celebrant
liturgical reform
Second Vatican Council
Roman Missal
liturgy and the Holy Trinity
role of each person of The Trinity in the liturgy
Liturgical Year
Advent
Christmas
Ordinary Time
Lent
Holy Week
Triduum
Easter
Full and Active Participation in the liturgy
Liturgical Rites and Traditions of the Catholic Church
Celebrating Liturgy
St. Cecilia
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 17: Introduction to the Sacraments
symbolsrituals
sign
Covenant Symbols
Nature Symbols
Grace, kinds of Grace
Sanctifying Grace
Actual Grace
Sacramental Graces
Charisms
Sacraments = More than just symbols and rituals
efficacious
disposition
Sacraments
Seven ways Grace is active in our lives
The Council of Trent
Sacraments of Christian Initiation
Sacraments of Healing
Sacraments at the Service of Communion
Each of the Seven Sacraments
Sacramentals
Holy Water
St. Patrick
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 18: Baptism
Sacraments of Initiationprimary effects of each Sacrament of Initiation
RCIA
Baptism
Old Testament examples of saving power of water
evidence of Christ establishing the Sacrament of Baptism
history of Baptism in the early Church
catechumenate
catechumens
the effects of Baptism
sacramental character
necessary for salvation
Baptism of blood
the Baptism Rite
the conversion of Constantine
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 19: Confirmation
ConfirmationWhy do we get Confirmed?
The Gifts of the Holy Spirit
Wisdom
Understanding
Right Judgement (Counsel)
Courage (Fortitude)
Knowledge
Reverence (Piety)
Wonder and Awe (Fear of the Lord)
Holy Spirit in Scripture
Pentecost
History of Confirmation
Sacred Chrism
Two Primary Effects of Confirmation
specific way the Sacrament affects the life of a Christian
sacramental character
Requirements for receiving Confirmation
Confirmation Sponsors
The Rite of Confirmation
renewal of Baptismal Promises
Laying on of Hands
anointing with Chrism
Soldiers of Christ
Three main differences of Confirmation in Eastern Churches/Western Church
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 20: The Eucharist
All vocabulary from the chapterEucharist as "source and summit" of the life of the Church
History of the Eucharist
The Eucharist in Scripture
Jesus' teaching on the Eucharist
The Last Supper
Jesus as the new Paschal Lamb
The Meaning of the Eucharist
Eucharist as Thanksgiving and Praise
Memorial of Christ's Passover sacrifice
Real presence of Christ
Transubstantiation
The Eucharistic Rite
The Order of the Mass
Liturgical Clothing and Colors
Guidelines for Receiveing the Eucharist
Ways to serve at the Liturgy
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 21: Sacraments of Healing
Sacraments of HealingSacrament of Penance and Reconiliation
Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick
Forgiveness in Scripture
history of Penance and Reconciliation
order of penitents
private confession
absolution
forms of Penance and Reconciliation
Act of Contrition
Effects of Penance and Reconciliation
Conversion
Confession
Forgiveness
Penance
Reconciliation
guidelines for receiving Penance and Reconciliation
contrition
perfect and imperfect contrition
repentance
penance
The Gospel of Forgiveness (Gospel of Luke)
Luke 15 – the three parables: Lost Sheep, Lost Coin, Prodigal (Lost) Son
essential actions of the Sacrament of Penance and Reconciliation
healing in Scripture
history of Anointing of the Sick
effects of Anointing of the Sick
receiving the Sacrament of Anointing of the Sick
viaticum - "food for the journey"
Oil of the Sick
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 22: Sacraments at the Service of Communion
vocationSacraments at the Service of Communion
Origins of the priesthood
Tribe of Levi
presbyters
Holy Orders
ordination
ordained ministers or clergy
office
Diocesan and Religious Priests
priesthood of the faithful
unique resonsibilites of the ordained priesthood (teachinbg, liturgy, governance)
bishop
priest
deacon
transitional and permanent Deacons
The Rite of Ordination
essential symbol for ordination
miter
shepherd's staff or crosier
paten
chalice
celibacy
requirements for ordination
marriage or Matrimony
marriage in the Bible
The Meaning of Married Love
indissoluble
Adultery
polygamy
annulment
The Rite of Matrimony
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth - Chapter 23: Intro to Christian Morality
moralitythe foundation of morality
the true nature of humans
happiness
the Beatitudes
free will
Original Sin and its effects
concupiscence
moral freedom and responsibility
determining the morality of any human act - the object, the intention, and the circumstances
sin
effects of sin
mortal sin
requirements for mortal sin
venial sin
vices
the seven deadly sins
virtues (Thoelogical and Cardinal)
sins of omission
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth Chapter 24: Social Justice
Social Justiceinfinite value of each person
society
social justice in Scripture
social doctrine
Principles of Catholic Social Teaching
The Common Good
The Trolley Problem and Uilitarianism
how the Common Good is acheived, the ends do not justifiy the means
Responsibility of Political Authority
human rights
resources needed to lead a truly human life
social encyclical
human dignity
sinful inequalities
human solidarity
we are the body of Christ
service and justice
charity
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth Chapter 25: Sources of Moral Truth
Natural LawGolden Rule
Old Law
Decalogue
The Ten Commandments
New Law
Sermon on the Mount
Beatitudes
Great Commandments
Law of Love
Church Law
Precepts of the Church
holy days of obligation
fasting
abstinence
Magisterium
moral teaching in modern situations
St. Thomas More
doctrines
dogma
Infallibility
Conscience
Forming your conscience
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth Chapter 26: Honoring God
Purpose of the Ten CommandmentsTopics of the first three and last seven Commandments
The First Commandment
The meaning and purpose of the First Commandment
Idolatry, examples
superstition, examples
sacrilege, examples
simony, examples
atheism
veneration
The Second Commandment
The meaning and purpose of the Second Commandment
blasphemy
perjury
Five Reasons for Contolling Your Tongue
The Third Commandment
The meaning and purpose of the Third Commandment
Sabbath
Lord's Day
Observing the Lord's Day
blue laws
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth Chapter 33: Introduction to Prayer
PrayerThe mind and heart in prayer
Prayer as communion with God
Humility
Humility in prayer
Being yourself in prayer
The Rosary
Prayer in the Old Testament
Abraham
Moses
King David
The Psalms
The Prophets
Jesus as model for prayer
Conversion
Praying in the name of Jesus
How God answers our prayers
The prayer of Mary
Magnificat
Guides for prayer
The Saints
Domestic church
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth Chapter 35: Personal Prayer
Vocal PrayerForty hours' devotion
First Friday
novena
Meditative Prayer
meditation
contemplative prayer
Contemplation
spirituality
mysticism
Misconceptions of prayer
Difficulties in prayer
distractions
dryness
prostration
genuflection
passion (as it relates to prayer)
centering prayer
battle (as it relates to prayer)
Catholic Faith Handbook for Youth Chapter 36: Praying with Scripture
faithhope
love
theological virtues
Scripture (as Living Word, effects of reading Scripture)
The Bible (as library)
Dei Verbum
Approaching the Bible as a source of prayer
Lectio divina (inlcuding five steps)
Praying the Psalms
Pater Noster
Ignatian Gospel Contemplation
Scriptural Mottos
Saint Benedict of Nursia
The Rule of St. Benedict
Study Guides for World History (7th Grade)
Chapter 1: What Does a Historian Do?
Why study the past?Measuring time
decades
centuries
millennium
Prehistory
Ancient History
Middle Ages
Modern Ages
Information Age
calendar
Julian calendar
Gregorian calendar
Pope Gregory XIII
A.D.
anno domini
B.C.
reading and using time lines
Heinrich Schliemann
archeology
artifacts
paleontology
fossils
anthropology
using evidence
primary sources
secondary sources
reliability of sources
The Domesday Book
point of view
bias
the interpretation of evidence
drawing conclusions/different conclusions
inference
Chapter 2: Studying Geography, Economics, and Government
hemisphereslatitude and longitude (and using these to locate places on a map)
map distortion and projections
The Five Themes of Geography (including all lecture material)
The Six Essential Elements of Geography
Maps: types, how to read them, parts of a map
Economics: Why do people trade?
resources and production
types of resources
supply and demand
drawing supply and demand curves
equilibrium price
economic systems: traditional, subsistence, command, mixed, and market economies
want
consumer
producer
goods
services
bartering
Capitalism
Socialism
Communism
business cycle
trade
globalization
principles of U.S. government
rights of citizens
duties and responsibilities of citizens
global citizenry
Important Idea: The value that a society places on individual rights is reflected in that society's government.
Chapter 7: The Ancient Greeks
All vocabulary from the chapterReview all maps in chapter
Mediterranean Sea
Aegean Sea
Ionian Sea
Black Sea
Balkan Peninsula
Peloponnesus
Anatolia
Geography of Greece and its influence
Crete
Knossos
Minoans
Mycenaeans
Mycenaean Kingdoms
Mycenaean trade
Dark Age - Decline of the Mycenaeans
The Dorians
Benefits of Dorian invasion
The Hellenes
Greek colonies and trade
Benefits of money
Greek city-states
polis
Greek citizenship, right s and responsibilities
Hoplites
Tyrants, democracy, oligarchy
Spartan society
Spartan government
Spartan economic problems
Anthenian society, culture
Early reforms in Athens
Solon
Peisistratus
Athenian government
Cleisthenes
Council of 500, lottery
Persian empire
Cyrus the Great
Royal Road, benefits
Darius I
Benefits of satraps
Persian army, the Immortals
Zoroaster
The Persian Wars
The Battle at Marathon
Xerxes
King Leonidas
Themistocles
Battle at Thermopylae
The stand of the 300
Naval battle at Salamis
Decline of Persia
Pericles
Direct democracy
Representative democracy
Athens under Pericles
Life in Athens
Slavery in Athens
Athenian economy
Causes/effects of Peloponnesian War
Pericles funeral oration
Why Athens lost the Peloponnesian War
Thebes
Chapter 8: Greek Civilization
Greek beliefsGods and goddesses
Oracles
Epics
Fables
The Trojan Horse
The Odyssey
The Iliad
Aesop
Greek drama
Sophocles
Euripides
Greek architecture
Greek thinkers
Philosophers
Philosophy
The Sophists
Socrates
Plato
The Republic
Aristotle
Greek ideas about history
Herodotus
Thucydides
Pythagoras
Philip II of Macedonia
Alexander the Great
Alexander's war with Persia
Darius III
Geography of Alexander's empire
Alexander's Legacy
Alexandria
The Hellenistic Kings
Hellenistic writers
Epicurus
The Stoics
Zeno
Aristarchus
Euclid
Eratosthenes
Archimedes
Rise of Rome
Chapter 11: Rome - Republic to Empire
The location and geography of RomeTiber River
Origins of Rome
Romulus and Remus
Virgil
The Aeneid
Influences of the Greeks
Influences of the Etruscans
Roman battle strategies
Republic
Roman Confederation
Roman Society
Government during the Republic
Consuls
Praetors
Senate
Tribunes
Council of Plebs
Dictator
Cincinnatus
Roman Law
The Twelve Tables
Law of Nations
Rule of Law
The Punic Wars – Causes and Effects
Carthage
Hannibal
Scipio
Battle of Zama
Problems in the Republic
Rich vs. Poor
Economic problems in the Republic
Politics and the Roman Army
Marius
Sulla
Julius Caesar
Crassus
Pompey
Triumvirate
Conquests of Caesar
Rubicon
The Rule of Caesar
Beginning of the Empire
Octavian
Antony
Cleopatra
Cicero
Caesar Augustus
The rule of Augustus
Rhine River
Danube River
Euphrates River
Proconsuls
Emperors after Augustus
The Pax Romana
Five “Good” Emperors
Trajan
Hadrian
The Empire’s Economy
Trade
Agriculture
Chapter 12: Roman Civilization
Daily life in the Roman EmpireLife in the city of Rome
"bread and circuses"
Gladiators
The Roman family
Roles of family members in Ancient Rome
Rights of women
Slavery in Rome
Spartacus
Roman religion
Roman Achievements
Ptolemy
Roman roads
Appian Way
Aqueducts
Arches
Roman numerals
Roman art
Concrete
Roman literature
Virgil
The Aeneid
Satires
Odes
Livy
Tacitus
Latin
Pax Romana
Marcus Aurelius
Three reasons for the decline of Rome: Political weakness, Economic weakness, Invasions
Diocletian
Constantine
Byzantium
Constantinople
Theodosius
The split of the empire
Germanic invaders
Huns
Visigoths
Alaric
The Vandals
Odoacer
The final fall of Rome
Rome's Legacies
Rome's influence on American law, government
Effects of Roman culture
Growth of Christianity
The Byzantine Empire
"New Rome"
Greek influence on the Byzantines
Justinian
Theodora
Justinian’s legal reforms
"Justinian’s Plague"
Chapter 13: The Rise of Christianity
Judaism and RomeJewish response to Roman rule
Jewish revolts
Zealots
Masada
Jewish settlement across Europe
Jesus of Nazareth
The message of Jesus
Sermon on the Mount
The Beatitudes
Parables
Samaritan
Death and execution of Jesus
The betrayal of Jesus
Resurrection
Apostles
Christ
Peter
Paul of Tarsus
Salvation
The Trinity
Factors that helped Christianity spread
Persecution of Christians
catacombs
Martyrs
Diocletian
Constantine
Edict of Milan
Theodosius
Organization of the Church
Hierarchy
Clergy
Laity
Bishops
dioceses
Priests
Archbishop
Doctrine
Heresies
Gospel
New Testament
Old Testament
Augustine
Church Fathers
Bishop of Rome
Pope
Roman Catholic Church
Eastern Orthodox Church
Byzantine Empire and the Church
Icons
Emperor Leo III
Iconoclasts
Disagreements about Church authority
The Franks
Charlemagne
Excommunicated
Schism
Monasteries
Monks
Nuns
Basil
Basilian Rule
Benedict
Benedictine Rule
Missionaries
Slavs
Cyrillic Alphabet
Anglo-Saxons
Celts
Patrick
Gregory I
Canterbury
Locating Places
Chapter 14: Islamic Civilization
IslamArabian Peninsula
oasis
desert life
nomads, bedouins
sheik
trade in the Arabian Peninsula
caravans
Mecca (Makkah)
Muhammad
Allah
Yathrib/Madinah
Hijrah
Quran
shari'ah
sunna
Muslim beliefs
caliph
The Umayyads
Damascus
Arab, Arabic
Islamic Spain
Córdoba
sufis
Timbuktu
Sunni
Shia
the Abbasids
Baghdad
Seljuk Turks
sultan
Spread the Islam - conquest, trade, preaching
The Ottomans
Mehmet II
Constantinople/Istanbul
Suleiman I
The Safavids
The Moguls
daily life and trade in the Islamic world
Mosques
bazaar
Muslim contributions to the world, examples
geography of the Islamic world/empires
Chapter 15: African Civilizations
All Key TermsGeography of Africa
Climate zones of Africa
Sahara
Sahel
Saharan Trade
caravans
Asian camel
Berbers
trade goods in Africa
Ghana
Mali
Sundiata
Timbuktu
Mansa Musa
Songhai
Sunni Ali
East African Kingdoms
Kush
Axum
Zimbabwe
Rulers and government in Africa's kingdoms
traditional African religions
Ibn Battuta
Islam in Africa and its effects
African Society
Bantu Migrations
The Slave Trade
African slavery
European slave trade
sugar plantaions and slavery
Culture in Africa
Chapter 19: Medieval Europe
This one is a little different. This is a big chapter, so you have two study guides to help you. You must, of course, know all the key terms, people, places, and events in the chapter, but you must also be able to answer the following essential questions. If you prefer to use this guide to make your life easier, go right ahead.Lesson 1 Guiding Questions
1. How did geography shape life in Europe after the fall of Rome?
2. Why did the fall of the Roman Empire contribute to the rise of feudalism?
3. How did Germanic groups build kingdoms in Western Europe?
4. How did the Catholic Church influence life in early medieval Europe?
Lesson 2 Guiding Questions
1. How did Europeans try to bring order to their society after the fall of Charlemagne’s empire?
2. How did most Europeans live and work during the Middle Ages?
3. How did increased trade change life in medieval Europe?
Lesson 3 Guiding Questions
1. How was the king’s power strengthened and then limited in medieval England?
2. How did the kings of France increase their power?
3. How did the cities of Kiev and Moscow become centers of powerful Slavic states?
4. Why did Western Europeans go on crusades?
Lesson 5 Guiding Questions
1. How did the Black Death affect Europe during the Late Middle Ages?
2. How did disputes and wars change societies in Europe during the Late Middle Ages?
Still need the regular style of study guide? Here you go:
Geography of Europe
effects of rivers, seas, and mountains
Rhine River
Seine River
Danube River
The Alps
Kingdoms in Western Europe after Rome
Anglo-Saxons
Celts
the Franks
Clovis
Charles Martel
Pepin
Charlemagne
Charlemagne's accomplishments
Waves of invaders
Muslims
Magyars
Vikings
fjords
Duke Otto of Saxony
the Holy Roman Empire
The Church and its influence
Christianity in Europe
St. Patrick
Pope Gregory
missionaries
monks
nuns
monestaries
convents
Church authority
Gregory VII
Henry IV
excommunication
Concordat of Worms
concordat
The Feudal Order
feudalism
nobles
lords
vassals
fief
knights
chivalry
castles
parts of a castle
The medieval manor
freemen
serfs
lives of peasants
village life
improvements in farming
The Growth of Towns and Cities
increased trade by 1100
Wealthy Trading Centers
Government in medieval towns and cities
guilds
life in towns and cities
Royal power in England
William the Conqueror
Domesday Book
Henry II
grand jury
trial jury
King John
Magna Carta
Edward I
Parliament
Monarchy in France
Philip II
France's three estates
Estates-General
Eastern States of the Slavs
the rise of Kiev
Mongol Invaders
the importance of Moscow
Ivan III
European Crusaders
Pope Urban II
the First Crusade
effects of the Crusades
European Culture in the Middle Ages
styles of architecture
Development of Universities
theology
scholasticism
Thomas Aquinas
Summa Theologica
Language and Literature
How religion affected society
new religious orders
Cistercians
Friars
the role of religion in every day life
heresy
anti-semetism
Famine and Plague
plague
The Black Death
Effects of the Plague
Conflict in the Church
Great Schism
popes vs. kings
The Hundred Years' War
Joan of Arc
Jews and Muslims in Spain
Reconquista
Iberian Peninsula
Chapter 20: Renaissance and Reformation
The Italian RenaissanceTrade with Asia
Reasons for beginning of the Italian Renaissance
Silk Road
Marco Polo
Crusades
Black Death
Venice
Genoa
Milan
Florence
Manufacturing and specialization
Banking
interest
Medici family
Renaissance
Humanism
Greek and Roman influenc
Niccolo Machiavelli
The Prince
New artistic techniques
Michelangelo
Leonardo da Vinci
Renaissance man
Printing press
Johann Gutenberg
Miguel de Cervantes
Don Quixote
William Shakespeare
The Reformation
Complaints about certain Church practices
Indulgences
Martin Luther
Ninety-Five Theses
Pope Leo X
Charles V
Protestants
Interpretation of Scripture
The Lutheran Church
William Tyndale
John Calvin
Predestination
Calvinists
Henry VIII
Anglican Church
Catholic Reformation
Jesuits
The Council of Trent – changes and decisions
Results of the Reformation
Religious wars
Treaty of Westphalia
